Zombie bees spread to Washington state

The zombees are spreading.

Or rather, “zombie bees” – honey bees that have been inhabited by tiny flies that cause them to abandon their hive at night and lurch about erratically before dying. 

"They basically eat the insides out of the bee," said San Francisco State University biologist John Hafernik.


Hafernik first discovered zombie bees in 2008 in California and now uses a website to recruit citizen scientists to track the infection across the country.

The zombee condition recently crept into Washington state. Novice beekeeper Mark Hohn spotted bees jerking about outside his suburban Seattle home.

ZombeeWatch.org

ZombeeWatch.org, managed by John Hafernik at San Francisco State University, solicits information from citizen scientists, beekeepers and enthusiasts to track zombie bees.

"I joke with my kids that the zombie apocalypse is starting at my house," Hohn said.

Hohn collected several of the corpses and popped them into a plastic bag. About a week later, he had evidence his bees were infected: the pupae of parasitic flies. They were the first to be confirmed in Washington state, The Seattle Times reported.

The infection could be another threat to bees needed to pollinate crops. Hives have been failing in recent years due to a mysterious ailment called colony collapse disorder, which causes all the adult honey bees in a colony to suddenly die.

Still, there’s no evidence that the parasitic fly is to blame, said Steve Sheppard, chairman of the entomology department at Washington State University.

Related: Fly parasite turns honeybees into zom-bees

The fly-bee relationship is a strange one: The flies, discovered in Maine in 1924, are native to North America. Honey bees – what scientists call the “beneficial insect” – are not.

So why haven’t the flies feasted on honey bees before now?

“We don’t really know if this is something the flies have figured out recently or if it’s been under the radar,” Hafernik told NBC News.

It’s possible this behavior has gone undetected – after all, infected bees abandon their hives at night, when beekeepers aren’t around to notice.

But Hafernik has trouble believing that dedicated beekeepers and scientists have gone decades without noticing infected bees.

In the San Francisco Bay Area, Hafernik said, up to 78 percent of hives are infected, and a number are infected across the Pacific Northwest. Scientists conducted DNA analysis on bees found traces of parasites in bees in South Dakota; there have also been cases in New York, Minnesota and Colorado. 

“It could be that not all honey bee strains are susceptible to the fly at the same rate – there could be some genetics among the honeybees that could be brought to bear,” Hafernik said.

He hopes that scientists and beekeepers will send information to his website, ZombeeWatch.org, so that his team may better research the problem.

Hafernik said that those suspecting zombie bees should isolate the bee for about a week as Hohn did – the bee will die within a day or two if infected. After five to seven days, maggots will have finished their feeding and emerge from the bee’s head – those look like small, brown, crystal-shaped pupae. Take photos, he asks, and send them along.

Hafernik will also be taking notes. After a recent vacation, he found that a colony of infected bees had moved into a crevice next to his house.

“They’re now living between the walls of my house,” he said. “I decided to leave them. For the moment, we’re coexisting peacefully.” 

NBC's Isolde Raftery contributed reporting.

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Discuss this post

Is this the same species that was introduced in Texas to eradicate fire ants? http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060927110742.htm

    Reply#1 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 4:15 PM EDT

    Seeing as how your article says those flies came from Brazil and Argentina, and this article says these ones are native to North America, the answer to your question is no.

    • 1 vote
    #1.1 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 4:42 PM EDT

    Look at Chuck gettin' all snippy n' sh!t.

    • 1 vote
    #1.2 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 9:29 PM EDT

    Fire ants are from Argentina too, hmm what, why are they in Texas.... that's because they were introduced ol' matey chucky

      #1.3 - Wed Sep 26, 2012 3:14 PM EDT
      Reply

      Likely...and isn't it amazing how that all works out?

      You have to wonder about these geniuses that bring things to destroy something else, without thinking about what they will do with them when the job is finished.

      • 1 vote
      Reply#2 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 4:19 PM EDT

      While this is a sad and unfortunate situation and perhaps a risk for crops, nothing was introduced here. The article explains that the flies are native to North America; the bees are not.

      The flies, discovered in Maine in 1924, are native to North America. Honey bees – what scientists call the “beneficial insect” – are not.

      • 2 votes
      Reply#3 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 4:46 PM EDT

      Actually ShadyPines, the Honey Bees were introduced. So if there are massive crop failings due to bee population drops that result in food shortages and human deaths, there is no one to blame it on but man for introducing the bees to aid in producing more abundant crops then the region naturally produces. Also to blame for the suffering of all those poor bees. Want some honey with that?

        #3.1 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 5:12 PM EDT

        Does anybody really give a crap if bees suffer? Now we're going to worry about the humane treatment of insects? Insects? Really? I mean, I'm all for being nice to mammals and even birds and reptiles I'd rather not see tortured needlessly. Fish is where I kinda stop giving a @!$%# and I definitely don't care about invertebrates. *shrug* sorry if you think that's cold but I kill any and all bugs I find and I don't feel a single pang of remorse about it.

        • 1 vote
        #3.2 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 9:33 PM EDT

        LMAO

          #3.3 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 10:53 PM EDT

          Actually Xina, YOU should give all the craps. Honey bees are 80% of insect pollination, meaning that if we don't take care of them, I feel like the rest of that should be self-explanatory, seeing as how everything is connected...it's ignorant and uneducated attitudes like that that are going to destroy us.

            #3.4 - Thu Sep 27, 2012 1:18 AM EDT
            Reply

            Like I needed another reason to hate flies...

            • 1 vote
            Reply#4 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 4:58 PM EDT

            This story was beyond exciting to my teenaged boys who subscribe to the whole notion that the-zombie-apocolypse-is-coming-so-you-better-get-prepared. One even said, only slightly kidding…"It had to start somewhere". And we live in the Pacific NW, all the more exciting.

              Reply#5 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 5:09 PM EDT

              I think the human strain already started in the middle east, where people have been seen lurching about erratically before exploding. Zombie Flies may be targeting Radical Muslims...

              • 2 votes
              #5.1 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 5:16 PM EDT
              Reply

              I saw the headline and i thought they were talking about the referees in last nights game.

                Reply#6 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 5:12 PM EDT

                all the jokes aside, can these thing go after humans?

                  Reply#7 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 5:28 PM EDT

                  Only if the humans come from a different country, and are thus not immune to the fly larva. Seeing how you are n8v, your inner ear should be thick enough to withstand their pinchers through genetics handed down by generations. You get to load up on ammo and play first person shooter when SHTF... well, that is unless an illegal alien introduces an out of country fly into your environment; then all bets are off! :-)

                    #7.1 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 5:34 PM EDT

                    So what you are saying is that Native Americans are the only ones 'immune' to these things? Because I am sure it takes more then the length of time that Europeans settled in the Americas to evolve genetics that would protect your inner ear from their pinchers.

                      #7.2 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 6:23 PM EDT

                      Yes, but no; could pertain to an Englishn8v, Austrailiann8v.. etc... just trying to give the next Romero a little inspiration. I retract the illegal alien part, foreigner would be much more appropriate; or just Alien works too. :-)

                        #7.3 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 7:51 PM EDT

                        Somebody should be very concerned over these gross flies attacking our sweet honey bees.

                          #7.4 - Fri Sep 28, 2012 12:19 AM EDT
                          Reply

                          If they're not eating brains, they ain't no zombies.

                            Reply#8 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 9:30 PM EDT

                            Ah, but the fly larva do eat brains, thus making zombies. BOOM!

                              #8.1 - Tue Sep 25, 2012 10:55 PM EDT
                              Reply

                              The trick is keeping the Islombies from spreading.....that's short for Islamic Zombies.

                                Reply#9 - Wed Sep 26, 2012 1:37 PM EDT

                                Okay sure they can't "infect" humans, but humans are going to be infected in the long run if we don't figure out how to prevent this on the larger scale. We don't realize how much we depend on bees in this world entirely. And I'm not talking about how much we rely on honey, I'm talking the actual pollination. That's where we're super dependent. They are responsible for pollinating 80% of the world's crops, meaning everything would basically collapse in order if we don't get this under control, the crops, the livestock that feed from those crops, the humans that need those crops and livestock to survive.

                                  Reply#10 - Thu Sep 27, 2012 1:25 AM EDT

                                  Somebody should be very concerned about these gross flies attacking our sweet honey bees!!

                                    Reply#11 - Fri Sep 28, 2012 12:24 AM EDT
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